MCS in LDCs

Studies in Management Accounting Control Systems in Less Developed Countries

Abstract
This paper will be focused on research on management control systems in those countries that can be classified as less developed countries (LDCs). The aims are to evaluate the roles of management control systems in LDCs and also to examine the influence of environmental conditions in these countries on management control systems. This paper identified that researchers who study management control system in an organisation especially in LDCs, recognise a number of environmental / external factors (such as: economic, social and political climate, industrial relations, competition, and government regulation) and internal factors (such as individual behaviour and organisational power relations) that may affect the management control system in an organisation.

This paper is based on an intensive review of previous literature in management control systems in LDCs. Less developed countries, also known as Third World or developing or emerging economies, are the countries that do not belong to the developed economies such as Japan and most Western countries (Wallace, 1990; Hopper et al., 2003a). Less developed countries are mostly found in East Europe, Asia, the Caribbean, the Pacific Islands and Africa. This paper is furthermore aimed to inspire management and accounting researchers to focus their study on LDCs environment including Indonesia.

Keywords: Management Accounting Control Systems (MACS), less developed countries (LDCs), informal control, formal control

This paper has been published in Jurnal Akuntansi & Manajemen Vol.19, No.2, Agustus 2008

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